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Authors
Li, Huanhuan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-9742
Duan, Bingyu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9639-1613
Luo, Mengzhen https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9740-3879
Chen, Mingci https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0269-3188
Xu, Enwei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-8169
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Xinjiang Normal University 2023 Young Top Talent Program (XJNUQB2023-07)
the Hebei Province Teaching Reform Program (2021XJJG007)
the Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences, Ministry of Education (22YJC880032)
the Family Education Research Project in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2024 (jtjy-dztj-2024165)
the Major Bidding Program for the “14th Five-Year Plan” of Educational Science of Hebei Province (2201053)
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2024
Accepted: 28 May 2025
First Online: 5 June 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the University Committee on Human Research Protection of Shanghai Normal University (No: 2023035). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Participants were informed about the purpose of the research, the methodology, and their rights, including the right to withdraw at any time without penalty.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
