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Authors
Schottmüller, Christine
Holl, Natascha
Suhling, Frank
Schröder, Boris
David, C. Gabriel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6733-0288
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Technische Universität Braunschweig
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Article History
Received: 21 November 2024
Accepted: 29 May 2025
First Online: 4 June 2025
Declarations
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: All experiments were conducted in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, including the provisions of §§3 and 4 of the regulations for the nature reserve “Zollenspieker” and the landscape conservation area “Hamburger Elbe”, as well as §§44 and 45 of the Federal Nature Conservation Act (Bundesnaturschutzgesetz, BNatSchG). Approval for these activities was granted by the Department of Environment, Climate, Energy and Agriculture; Department for Nature Conservation and Green Planning; Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Behörde für Umwelt, Klima, Energie und Agrarwirtschaft; Amt für Naturschutz und Grünplanung; Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg). The field studies were performed as part of a pilot study to comply with environmental protection requirements and in alignment with the permissions issued under these regulations.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
