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Authors
Wang, Qian-hui
Dong, Gui-xin
Cong, Hai-bo
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Article History
Received: 11 January 2025
Accepted: 2 June 2025
First Online: 13 August 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The establishment of this database was approved by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Cambridge, MA) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston, MA), and consent was obtained for the original data collection. Therefore, the ethical approval statement and the need for informed consent were waived for this manuscript.
: There was no requirement of individual informed consent to extract data from the mimic-IV database because mimic-IV database information was publicly available and all patient data were deidentified.
