Wu, Jiarun
Kuan, Garry
Zhang, Xinding
Lu, Frank J. H.
Gill, Diane L.
Kueh, Yee Cheng
Funding for this research was provided by:
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Grant, University of Guizhou (2024RW280)
Article History
Received: 25 November 2024
Accepted: 9 June 2025
First Online: 8 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was granted ethical approval by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) under the code USM/JEPeM/22040247, and followed strictly the procedure from the Declaration of Helsinki. Parental informed consent was obtained for all participants under the age of 18, and the study adhered to ethical guidelines outlined by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM).
: All participants signed the consent for publication.