Ling, Yaozheng
Sun, Bingyue
Yin, Guo
Ma, Li
Li, Yang
Meng, Fanzheng
Gao, Man
Funding for this research was provided by:
Improvement Project of Health Science and Technology Capability in Jilin Province (2023LC010)
Special Program for Healthcare Professionals in Jilin province (JLSRCZX2025-035)
Article History
Received: 19 January 2025
Accepted: 16 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of Jilin University (Grant No. 20211117-1.0).
: Informed consent for the use of patient data was obtained upon hospital visits. The dataset analyzed was anonymized, excluding personal information.