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Article History

Received: 3 April 2025

Accepted: 17 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study adopts a retrospective research approach. During the research process, no special interventions were implemented on the included patients. All patient data used have been strictly stripped of personal privacy and sensitive information. This includes removing patients’ names, ID numbers, contact information, specific home addresses,ensuring that it is impossible to trace back to individuals through the data. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this retrospective study. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Tianjin medical university second hospital (approval number:KY2025K097). All procedures and methods in this study were carried out in strict accordance with ethical standards, relevant guidelines, and national regulations.