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Authors
Anwar, Ruba Salah https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4786-641X
Hussein, Yasser Fathi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3423
Riad, Mona https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-8115
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cairo University
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Article History
Received: 1 November 2024
Accepted: 24 June 2025
First Online: 12 July 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The current study’s protocol has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the unique identification number NCT05500547 on 15/08/2022. The ethical guidelines of the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University. (Ref. no. 420) were adhered to in conducting all procedures involving human participants before they participated in the study, every patient provided written consent, demonstrating their understanding and awareness of the study’s nature and their voluntary involvement in it.
: To ensure that patients were fully informed about their participation in this study and understood its nature, we obtained written consent from each patient that clearly outlined the procedure, recall periods, and the utilization of intraoral photos for scientific purposes.
