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Authors
Mata-Marcano, Claudina
Stöck, Matthias
Knopf, Klaus
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB) im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V.
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Article History
Received: 4 February 2025
Accepted: 26 June 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Fish were sacrificed by severing the spinal cord behind the head after sedation by percussive blow in the head with approval of the institute’s animal welfare officer. According to the German Animal Welfare Act (Tierschutzgesetz, article 7(2) and article 8), ethics approval by an institutional and/or authorising committee is not necessary if the killing of an animal is carried out solely for the purpose of using the animal’s organ or tissues for scientific purposes without prior experimental treatment. For the killing of the fish, the relevant regulations, i.e. the Directive on the Protection of Animals Used for Experimental or Other Scientific Purposes ('Verordnung zum Schutz von zu Versuchszwecken oder zu anderen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken verwendeten Tiere’ - Tierschutz-Versuchstierverordnung, Annex 2) and the superordinate Directive 2010/63/EU (Annex 2) were followed in full.
