Mahmud, Md Abdullah All https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2568-9066
Afrin, Sadia https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9444-4254
Mridha, M. F. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5738-1631
Alfarhood, Sultan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1268-9613
Che, Dunren https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9906-4295
Safran, Mejdl https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7445-7121
Funding for this research was provided by:
King Saud University (ORF-2025-1027, ORF-2025-1027, ORF-2025-1027, ORF-2025-1027, ORF-2025-1027, ORF-2025-1027)
Article History
Received: 21 January 2025
Accepted: 1 July 2025
First Online: 8 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in full compliance with all applicable ethical standards. Since the research did not involve any direct human or animal subjects, ethical approval was not required. The dermoscopic image datasets used in this study were obtained from publicly available sources.