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Authors
Wong, Esther
Chen, Yiming
Kong, Gwyneth
Chia, Jobelle
Zhang, Audrey
Mehta, Anurag
Jayabaskaran, Jayanth
Chong, Bryan
Cao, Grace
Nah, Benjamin
Chan, Mark Yan-Yee
Muthiah, Mark
Loh, Poay-Huan
Mamas, Mamas A.
Chew, Nicholas WS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0640-0430
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Astra Zeneca, Abbott Technologies, and Boston Scientific (speaker’s fees and research grants)
NUHS Seed Fund (NUHSRO/2022/058/RO5+6/Seed-Mar/03)
National Medical Research Council Research Training Fellowship (MH 095:003/008-303)
National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine’s Academic Fellowship Scheme, and the NUHS Clinician Scientist Program (NCSP2.0/2024/NUHS/NCWS)
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Article History
Received: 26 October 2024
Accepted: 18 July 2025
First Online: 21 July 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the local institutional review committee in accordance with the revised Declaration of Helsinki (NHG Research—DSRB: 2021/00089-AMD0001). The institutional review board waived the need for written patient consent as this study involved a retrospective analysis of clinically acquired data.
