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Authors
Abdullah, Qais Yusuf https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2766-5021
Edrees, Wadhah Hassan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-0466
Alkhyat, Salwa Hamid https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0883-4733
Al-Shehari, Wadee Abdullah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3375-0559
Humaid, Abdulrahman Abdullah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-8922
Al-Halani, Ali Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6548-3395
Al-Hadheq, Ali Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9541-5563
Alrahabi, Lutf Mohammed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7582-925X
Al-Qadhi, Yahya Ali https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9422-898X
Al-Arnoot, Saad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2463-3972
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Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 18 July 2025
First Online: 31 July 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Applied Science, Hajjah University, approved this study on December 19, 2024, with reference number (032). Through an official letter from the Faculty of Applied Science to the Health Office outlining the importance and objectives of this analysis, permission was granted to gather related data for this study. Moreover, this analysis is in accordance with the Helsinki Protocol and Yemeni legal legislation (Law No. 4/2009). Furthermore, owing to the retrospective nature of this study, direct human contact was not involved. Based on Yemeni law, the need for informed consent was waived by the Ministry of Health and Environment, which allows researchers to use the data for research and publication purposes. Additionally, the data were processed anonymously, and the identity and privacy of participants were safeguarded through the use of coding to collect data.
: Not applicable.
