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Authors
Schleupner, Marie Carolin https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1262-9383
Röth, Alexander
Adam, Luise
Sadok, Nadia
Toppe, Felicia
Lakomek, Antonia Klara
Wainwright, Sami
Voss, Noemi
Boosfeld, Lukas
Kaiser, Christina
Garvert, Julia
Lang, Stephan
Geisthoff, Urban
Droege, Freya
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Essen
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Article History
Received: 12 April 2025
Accepted: 28 July 2025
First Online: 4 August 2025
Declarations
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: Urban Geisthoff is collaborating with and consulting with self-help groups for HHT (Morbus Osler-Selbsthilfe e.V.: board member, Osler-Stiftung: president of the board, CureHHT: member of the Global Research and Medical Advisory Board). Freya Droege is also a member of the Morbus Osler-Selbsthilfe e.V. and advisory member of the advisory board of the HHT self-help group and - foundation.All the remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.
: This study including all applied methods has been approved by the ethics committee of the University Hospital Essen (reference number 20-9452-BO) and was carried out in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki in its revised form from 2013. Patients gave informed consent to participation in this study and anonymized publication of study results.
