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Authors
Alrefaey, Ahmed
Anwar, Mohamed Ahmed
Abdelmagid, Mostafa Ezzeldeen
Tagrida, Ibrahim Alaa Eldin
Elatreisy, Adel
Fahim, Ahmed
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Al-Azhar University
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Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 12 August 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles established in the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was obtained from the local institutional review board of the Urology Department at the Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt (Uro-Surg./MD/2022/0011). All participants provided informed consent by signing the requisite forms. The methods employed strictly adhered to the relevant guidelines and regulatory standards.
