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Authors
Schwarzer, Anne
Ziegler, Ute
Fertey, Jasmin
Kreuz, Markus
Vahlenkamp, Thomas W.
Groschup, Martin H.
Ulbert, Sebastian
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fraunhofer-Institut für Zelltherapie und Immunologie IZI
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Article History
Received: 4 April 2025
Accepted: 31 July 2025
First Online: 6 August 2025
Declarations
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: S.U. is on a patent application that includes the proteins described in this study. This does not alter his adherence to policies on sharing data and materials. The funder had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. A.S., U.Z., J.F., M.K., T.W.V. and M.H.G. declare no potential conflict of interest.
: Duck, goose and chicken sera were used according to the ethical approvals by the administration of the federal state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany (LALLF reference numbers 7221.3-2-042/17, 7221.3-2-003/23, 7221.3-1-075/16, 7221.3-1.1-018/18 and 7221.3-1-031/20) and in accordance with the relevant guidelines. All methods are reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines. Blood samples from horses were collected during routine diagnostic testing by veterinarians for which, according to German law, ethical approval was not required.
