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Authors
Ullah, Muhammad Ikram
Manni, Emad
Shakil, Muhammad
Hussain, Shabbir
Awan, Ammara Niaz
Hussain, Shahid
Alameen, Ayman Ali Mohammed
Farhana, Aisha
Atif, Muhammad
Naveed, Muhammad Asif
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Al Jouf University (DG55R-2023-01 -02369)
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Article History
Received: 29 April 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study obtained Ethical approval from the Ethical Review Committee, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Pakistan (UHS/EAPC-22/ERC/2) dated April 28, 2022. Helsinki guidelines (modified 2013) were followed for the collection of human subjects, and written informed consent was obtained from each participant.
