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Authors
Wang, Lijing
Wang, Xue
He, Ningning
Yang, Lin
Zou, Yang
Weng, Zhanping
Guo, Li
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (R2023QH077)
Shandong Province Medical and Health Technology Development Plan Project (202205020216)
Qingdao Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars Project (23-2-1-35-zyyd-jch)
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Article History
Received: 26 November 2024
Accepted: 8 August 2025
First Online: 11 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Ethics Committee of Qingdao Municipal Hospital (2024-KY-018).
: Informed consent Informed consent was signed by all pregnant women.
