Rivera, Rolen Brian P.
Lumod, Ryan M.
Unabia, Romnick B.
Reazo, Renzo Luis D.
Ruda, Archie G.
Lapening, Melbagrace A.
Omping, Jahor L.
Ceniza, Amyzz P.
Sayson, Noel Lito B.
Latayada, Felmer S.
Capangpangan, Rey Y.
Dumancas, Gerard G.
Malaluan, Roberto M.
Lubguban, Arnold A.
Petalcorin, Gaudencio C. Jr.
Alguno, Arnold C.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Commission on Higher Education (LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003, LAKAS 2022-003)
Article History
Received: 13 December 2024
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.