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Article History

Received: 11 May 2025

Accepted: 13 August 2025

First Online: 22 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: All methods in this study were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. All experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Review Chess of North China University of Technology (NCUT). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects participating in the study. This study strictly adhered to ethical principles in the collection and processing of video data involving older people, ensuring the protection of participants’ privacy and rights. The specific ethical measures are as follows: (1) Anonymization: Data collection occurred in public spaces without identifying or tracking specific individuals (e.g., faces or names), complying with ethical exemptions for non-invasive observation in public settings. To further safeguard privacy, all videos underwent anonymization processing to ensure individuals could not be traced. (2) Restricted Research Purpose: The study collected only the behavioral data necessary for research, used exclusively for extracting behavioral data through computer vision behavior detection algorithms, and not for any other purposes. (3) Ethical Review: The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of North China University of Technology. (4) Data Security: Video data were accessible only to the research team, with external sharing of video clips strictly prohibited. In accordance with ethics committee requirements, all data will be destroyed within six months after the study’s completion, in compliance with data protection regulations.