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Authors
Julyantoro, Pande Gde Sasmita
Waturangi, Diana Elizabeth
Papuangan, Nurmaya
Permana, I Gusti Ngurah
Mahardika, Ketut
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Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 25 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study follows ARRIVE guidelines and was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University. Approval Number: B/245/UN14.2.9/PT.01.04/2024. All procedures involving animals were conducted following accepted ethical standards for the humane treatment of aquatic species.
