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Article History

Received: 13 May 2024

Accepted: 18 August 2025

First Online: 26 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University, where the study was conducted, and the reference number is DTEC-KY2021-015-01. All participants signed written informed consent.

: All authors declare that our manuscript can be gotten informed consent for publication. We also state that the details will be freely available on the internet and may be seen by the general public.

: We extend our gratitude to the patients and members of the public who contributed to this research project. Their input and participation were integral to various stages of the study, including refining research questions, reviewing study materials, and providing feedback on preliminary findings. By actively involving patients or the public, we aimed to ensure that our research remains patient-centered and addresses the community’s needs and concerns.

: The authors declare no competing interests.