Yang, Wentuo
Liu, Zefeng
Cao, Yongfeng
Wang, Shuang
Xie, Le
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62473258)
National Key R \& D Program of China (2022YFC2405500)
Open Research Project of Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Spinal Technologies and Materials of Shanghai Tongren Hospital (2024JZWC-ZDA03)
Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Flexible Medical Robotics
Key Project of Medical Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (YG2023ZD05)
Project of Institute of Medical Robotics of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 20 August 2025
First Online: 2 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.