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Authors
Ramalingam, Krishnamoorthy
Abdullah, Mohd. Zulkifly
Elumalai, P. V.
Vellaiyan, Suresh
Muralikrishna, Chintala
Jin, Zhang
Hasan, Nasim
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Article History
Received: 22 January 2025
Accepted: 21 August 2025
First Online: 24 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: In compliance with ethical authorship guidelines, we would like to acknowledge the use of AI assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. Specifically, AI tools were utilized to enhance grammatical accuracy, improve sentence structure, and refine the overall clarity of the text. However, all research content, including the title, methodologies, results, and conclusions, was independently conceived, developed, and finalized by the authors. The role of AI was limited to supporting linguistic refinement, ensuring coherence without contributing to the generation of the study’s scientific or technical content. This declaration reflects our commitment to transparency in the authorship process.
