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Authors
Kalam, Abul
Wang, Panpan
Haile, Gebrhud Berihu
Rahman, Md. Lothfur
Miah, Md Helal
Wang, Peng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Foundation of Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province ((252102310134, 2521023210248 and 252102320048).)
Peng Wang ((252102310134, 2521023210248 and 252102320048).)
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Article History
Received: 21 March 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 7 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study received ethical approval from the School of Nursing & Health at Zhengzhou University, Henan, China (Reference No: ZZU/IRB 2023 − 229). All participants provided written informed consent prior to their involvement in the survey. The research was conducted in compliance with the local legislation and institutional requirements, including the approval from the respective hospital authorities. The study was carried out at Shaheed Ahsan Ullah Master General Hospital (SAUMGH), registration number 2022, 743/8, Tongi Gazipur, and at Kuwait-Bangladesh Friendship General Hospital, Isha Khan Avenue, Uttara Dhaka 1230, registration number 2024/1971. All ethical guidelines were adhered to throughout the duration of the study to ensure the safety and well-being of the participants.
