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Efficacy of adding manual therapy to hip and knee exercises in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-17453-9

Published Online: 2025-09-23

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Abdo, Nadia

Youssef, Enas Fawzy

Ibrahim, Mona Mohamed
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Cairo University
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-09-23

Version of Record valid from 2025-09-23
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Article History

Received: 7 April 2025

Accepted: 25 August 2025

First Online: 23 September 2025

Declarations

:

: Images are entirely unidentifiable, and no details on individuals are reported within the manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the faculty of physical therapy, Cairo University, Egypt (P.T.REC/012/004020).

: This study was conducted at the outpatient clinic of the faculty of physical therapy, Cairo University. Participants signed informed consent after they agreed to participate.

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