Zhao, Lufei
Li, Jingyi
Zhang, Biao
Jiang, Xuchu
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangyue Young Scholar Innovation Team of Liaocheng University (LCUGYTD2022-03)
Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 31 August 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethics declarations: Not applicable. Ethics approval is not required since this study used a publicly available secondary dataset. Concern for data use: Not applicable. The three classic datasets used in this study are publicly available datasets for model training.