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Article History

Received: 5 May 2025

Accepted: 25 August 2025

First Online: 29 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Prior to the commencement of data collection, ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee for Social and Behavioral Sciences at Necmettin Erbakan University (Protocol No: 2023 − 459). During the administration of the questionnaire, participants were clearly informed that their involvement was entirely voluntary. They were also assured that the data collected would be used strictly for scholarly purposes, particularly in the context of disseminating research findings through academic publications.

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants, who were clearly informed at the time of questionnaire distribution that their participation was entirely voluntary. They were also notified that the data collected would be used exclusively for academic purposes, specifically for sharing the study’s findings through publication in scholarly journals. Additionally, prior to commencing data collection, ethical approval was secured from the Institutional Review Board Ethics Committee of a university’s Social and Behavioral Sciences department, with the assigned protocol number.