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Authors
Zhou, Min
You, Zhu
Zhang, Shizhou
Zhang, Qin
Yao, Jinhui
Liu, Chunyun
Song, Shifang
Zhao, Ting
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023QH376)
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Article History
Received: 20 March 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 29 September 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Ethical Committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University approved this study (Ethic-SWYX: NO. 2023-1017-1). All pro-cedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Regional Research Committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki 1964 and its later amendments. After explaining the research purposes, informed written consent and verbal assent were obtained from all participants. They were informed that their participation was voluntary, confidential and anonymous, and that they had the right to withdraw from the research at any time.
