Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Lin, Huatian
Gao, Lihua
Cui, Ningning
Liao, Guangwu
Wang, Xueqing
Peng, Taohua
Xie, Yuetao
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 18 September 2024
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 29 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was reviewed and approved by the Clinical Trial and Biomedical Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Guangdong, China, with the approval number IRB no. 202409502. All patients (or their proxies/legal guardians) agreed to intranasal sedation and signed informed consent. Because this study analysed only anonymized data without involving privacy leakage or harm and because the potential risks to patients’ rights and welfare were no greater than those associated with routine medical care or minimal risk, the ethics committee waived the requirement for informed consent for this retrospective design.
