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Authors
Alshammari, Sultan Hammad
Alrashidi, Muna Eid
Alshammari, Mohammed Habib
Alshammari, Ali Essa A.
Alkhwaldi, Abeer F.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Self funded by authers
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Article History
Received: 7 June 2025
Accepted: 10 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The experimental protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the University of Ha’il. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study.
