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Authors
Younis, Alhena
Larvin, Harriet
Kazi, Khalid
Hall, Rowan
Haris, Mohammad
Joseph, Tobin
Raveendra, Keerthenan
Nadeem, Umbreen
Blackman, Daniel J.
Schlosshan, Dominik
Wu, Jianhua
Nadarajah, Ramesh
Gale, Chris P.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
British Heart Foundation (FS/20/12/34789)
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Article History
Received: 12 May 2025
Accepted: 11 September 2025
First Online: 15 October 2025
Declarations
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: CPG reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Amgen, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Vifor Pharma, Menarini, Wondr Medical, Raisio Group, and Oxford University Press. He has received educational and research grants from BMS, Abbott Inc., the British Heart Foundation, National Institute of Health Research, Horizon 2020, and the European Society of Cardiology, outside of the submitted work. DS has received honoraria for lectures from Abbott and Medtronic and serves as Secretary of the British Heart Valve Society. DJB has received an institutional research grant from Medtronic and consulting fees from Medtronic and JenaValve Technology. He has also received honoraria for lectures or presentations from Medtronic, Abbott Vascular, and JenaValve Technology, as well as support for attending meetings from Medtronic.All other authors declare no competing interests.
