Madfa, Ahmed A.
Alshammari, Abdullah F.
Almagadawyi, Eyad
Al-Haddad, Afaf
Aledaili, Ebtsam A.
Article History
Received: 7 July 2025
Accepted: 11 September 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia (No. H-2025-614). Informed consent was waived for this retrospective study by the Medical Ethics Committee of the University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia. All methods were performed in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki.