Liu, Jiaming
Gu, Yumeng
Wang, Dongliang
Xia, Xiaoshuang
Li, Xin
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cerebrovascular Disease Youth Innovation Fund of China International Medical Foundation (Z-2016-20-2101-09)
Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Project (21JCZDJC01230)
the Key Projects of Tianjin Municipal Health Commission (TJWJ2023XK007)
the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK065B)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42275197)
the Tianjin Center for Health and Meteorology Multidisciplinary Innovation
Article History
Received: 24 July 2024
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University (Approval No.KY2020K142). In addition, the data were completely anonymized, and due to the retrospective use of anonymized data, a decision has been made by the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University to waive the requirement for obtaining signed consent.