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Authors
Du, Li
Fang, Shu
Zhang, Qilin
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Article History
Received: 8 April 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 22 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. It is a retrospective analysis using the database of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (version 1.0), which includes data from over 36,000 patients admitted to Wuhan medical insurance from November 2021 to August 2022. Approval was granted by the Institutional Ethical Review Board of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (approval number 2025053 K for Du; see Appendix for document details). All patient information in the database was anonymized, and the requirement for informed consent was waived.
