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Authors
Rafidah, Mazlan
Lazi, Mohd Khairul Afzan Mohd
Hassan, Sitti Asmah
Padil, Khairul Hazman
Sulaiman, Norliana
Razman, Muhammad Rizal
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (FRGS/1/2023/TK02/UTM/02/4)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (TAP-K012091)
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Article History
Received: 19 May 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: No animal study or human participant involvement in the study.
: The authors have consented to publish this article.
