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Authors
Getaneh, Fekadeselassie Belege https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8729-1784
Biset, Gebeyaw
Workneh, Moges
Kassa, Molla
Goshiye, Debrnesh
Mihret, Setegn
Nigussie, Jemberu
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Article History
Received: 13 July 2024
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 23 October 2025
Declaration
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Ethiopian demographic and health survey protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute Review Board, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the ICF Institutional Review Board, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant national guidelines, regulations, and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. During data collection, informed consent was obtained from all participants, and all identifiers were removed from the dataset before release to maintain confidentiality. Since our study involved analyzing de-identified data and did not directly involve human participants, obtaining ethics approval and participant consent was not applicable.
