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Article History

Received: 8 April 2025

Accepted: 19 September 2025

First Online: 24 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The Research and Ethical Review Committee of the School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences at the University of Gondar approved this study. The Chief Clinical Director of UoGCSH also granted permission to conduct the research. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations and have been conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants gave written informed consent after receiving a thorough explanation of the study’s aims and procedures. Participation was voluntary, and individuals could withdraw at any time without facing any negative consequences. To protect privacy, participant identities were kept anonymous using unique card numbers and identification codes during data collection, and only authorized personnel could access the data. Participants did not receive any financial or other incentives for taking part. In accordance with ethical standards, any abnormal findings discovered during the study were promptly shared with the participants’ physicians to ensure appropriate medical care.

: The authors declare no competing interests.