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Authors
Hosh, Mohamed
Abera, Legesse
Hailu, Mickiale
Mihiret, Esubalew
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Article History
Received: 24 February 2025
Accepted: 24 September 2025
First Online: 30 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Dire Dawa University. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written and verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants and, where applicable, their legal guardians after a detailed explanation of the study’s objectives, procedures, and potential benefits. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the interview at any time or to decline to answer any questions without consequence. Furthermore, participant confidentiality was strictly maintained, and no personal identifiers were included in the dataset.
