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Authors
Xue, Yubin
Ma, Dong
Zhang, Yaqiang
Dong, Chao
Ma, Jianan
Guan, Lin
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Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study involved secondary analysis of publicly available, de-identified data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. As such, no ethical approval or informed consent was required.
: Not applicable. This study does not contain any individual or identifiable personal data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
