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Authors
Hu, Yiran
Zhu, Qianwei
Du, Zhenni
Han, Fangfang
Wu, Yeshuan
Li, Xiang
Yi, Quanyong
Ying, Jianing
Mao, Xiaoli
Fu, Xiangxiang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ningbo Public Welfare Research Program (2024S176, 2024S176, 2024S176, 2024S176, 2024S176, 2024S176)
Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Projec (2025KY1492, 2025KY1492, 2025KY1492, 2025KY1492, 2025KY1492, 2025KY1492, 2025KY1492, 2025KY1492)
Ningbo Health Science and Technology Program (2023Y74, 2023Y74, 2023Y74, 2023Y74, 2023Y74, 2023Y74, 2023Y74)
Yuyao Health and Wellness Science and Technology Program (2024YPT01, 2024YPT01, 2024YPT01, 2024YPT01, 2025YPT02, 2024YPT01, 2024YPT01)
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Article History
Received: 2 July 2025
Accepted: 1 October 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Yuyao Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital under approval number 2023Y74. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committees and with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment.
