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Enhanced hybrid microgrid stability with electric vehicle integration using PDA-FOPIID control optimized by tianji’s horse racing algorithm

Published Online: 2025-10-30

Authors

Kotb, Hossam

Elkassas, Ali M.

Megahed, Ashraf Ibrahim

Hammad, Muhammad R.

AboRas, Kareem M.
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Alexandria University
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-10-30

Version of Record valid from 2025-10-30
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Article History

Received: 10 August 2025

Accepted: 3 October 2025

First Online: 30 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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