Document is current

Article History

Received: 7 March 2025

Accepted: 9 October 2025

First Online: 17 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: The Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Number: IR.IUMS.REC.1400.416) approved the study protocol. The purpose and procedures of the study were fully informed to the participants. Then informed written consent was obtained from them (midwives and mothers). In addition to the verbal explanation, the written informed consent signed by the mother specified that, with the mother’s written permission, skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding of the infant would be observed by a midwife researcher during the first hour after birth. Given the study’s purpose, which required no intervention on the infant and solely involved observing skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding, mothers considered their written consent sufficient and did not consider the need for consent from the father to be necessary. Participants were also assured of the confidentiality of their information. All methods were carried out in accordance with our study protocol, along with relevant guidelines and regulations associated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences and professional regulatory bodies such as the Nursing and Midwifery Council.

: Not applicable.