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Comparison of efficacy and safety of first-line immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, a retrospective study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-23874-3

Published Online: 2025-11-17

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Dong, Xue

Yao, Xiujing

Li, Ruyue

Li, Ying

Li, Yintao
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82373044)

the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2022LSW001)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-11-17

Version of Record valid from 2025-11-17
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Article History

Received: 25 February 2025

Accepted: 9 October 2025

First Online: 17 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University (approval number: SDTHEC 202501065, February 11, 2025), and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective design, no separate informed consent was obtained from participants.

: Not applicable.

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