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Authors
Sidor-Dzitkowska, Karolina
Marszalik, Anna
Kraśnicka, Agnieszka
Zalewska, Magdalena
Wróblewska, Marta
Bakuła, Zofia
Popowska, Magdalena
Bogusławska, Joanna
Skirecki, Tomasz
Jagielski, Tomasz
Stachowiak, Radosław
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Polish National Science Centre (UMO-2024/53/N/NZ6/01444, UMO-2016/23/D/NZ6/02554)
Uniwersytet Warszawski (661-117/2019, 661-117/2019)
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Article History
Received: 14 February 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The research was conducted using bacterial strains from established collections. Environmental strains - University of Warsaw, Department of Bacterial Physiology. Clinical strains were obtained from microbiological collections of three Polish hospitals: (1) University Clinical Centre of the Medical University of Warsaw, (2) the Prof. W. Orłowski Memorial Independent Public Clinical Hospital, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, (3) University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw. No research was conducted using medical materials. Bioethics committee approval is not required for this type of research. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
