Document is current

Article History

Received: 14 October 2024

Accepted: 10 October 2025

First Online: 23 October 2025

Declarations

:

: TB served in an advisory or consultancy role for Actelion, Hexal Pharma, Lilly, Lundbeck, Medice, Novartis and Shire. He received conference support or speaker’s fees from Lilly, Medice, Novartis and Shire. He has been involved in clinical trials conducted by Shire and Viforpharma. He received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP Medien and Oxford University Press. DB served as an unpaid scientific advisor for an EU-funded neurofeedback trial. JG has received a research grant from the Bavarian State Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, Family Affairs and Women. She receives royalties from Hogrefe for the publication of a treatment manual. KB has received research grants by German Research Society, German Federal Ministry for Education and Research, Philipps-University Marburg, von Behring-Röntgen Foundation, German Ministry for Health, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, Rhön Klinikum AG. She receives honorary from Georg Thieme Publisher during the last five years. MD is supervisor and lecturer and received income as head of the School of Child and Adolescent Behavior Therapy at the University of Cologne and royalties from treatment manuals, books, and psychological tests published by Guilford, Hogrefe, Enke, Beltz, and Huber. He received consulting income and research support from Medice, Shire, and Medigital.The other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.

: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of theDeclaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee II of the medical faculty Mannheim,University of Heidelberg (protocol code 2015-646-MA).

: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study and their parents/legal representatives.