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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of polypeptide, virus-like particles, and viral vector vaccines for foot-and-mouth disease (2020–2025)

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-24078-5

Published Online: 2025-11-10

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Elrashedy, Alyaa

Mousa, Walid

Nayel, Mohamed

Salama, Akram

Zaghawa, Ahmed

Elsify, Ahmed

Hasan, Mohamed E.
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

University of Sadat City
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-11-10

Version of Record valid from 2025-11-10
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Article History

Received: 18 August 2025

Accepted: 10 October 2025

First Online: 10 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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