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Authors
Alwhaibi, Reem M.
Nambi, Gopal
Alharbi, Farah
Obaid, Huda bin
Alnasser, Layan
Akram, Manal
Qhatani, Layan Al
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R117)
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Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 10 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (IRB Log Number: 25-0001). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the study’s purpose and procedures and provided written informed consent prior to participation.
