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Article History

Received: 10 March 2025

Accepted: 13 October 2025

First Online: 18 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Ethical approval was obtained from Amhara Public Health Institution (APHI) institutional review committee. A letter of cooperation was written for public referral hospitals in Bahir Dar city with a letter written on March/19, 2024, with a protocol number of 03/2141. Due to retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was waived by the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of Felege Hiwot, Tibebe Ghion and Addis Alem hospitals. The confidentiality of the information was ensured throughout the study by excluding name and individuals’ medical records as identification in the data extraction form, and the data were used only for the proposed study. The current study adhered to the Helsinki Declaration.

: It is not applicable due to the nature of the study, which was chart review therefore informed consent was waived by the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of the institutions, which are Felege Hiwot, Tibebe Ghion and Addis Alem hospitals to review charts of individuals living with diabetes mellitus.