Harmoinen, Jenni https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-7127
Valtonen, Mia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2034-2019
Fischer, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7513-683X
Iso-Touru, Terhi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8258-9047
Ã…kesson, Mikael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-8840
Heikkinen, Anne-Maarit
Holmala, Katja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1346-4475
Kojola, Ilpo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2866-5090
Salmela, Elina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1326-4462
Hindrikson, Maris https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8094-1860
Saarma, Urmas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3222-571X
Lohi, Hannes https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1087-5532
Kvist, Laura https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2108-0172
Aspi, Jouni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-3201
Johansson, Helena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8596-3345
Funding for this research was provided by:
Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
LIFE BOREALWOLF project (LIFE18 NAT/FI/000394, LIFE18 NAT/FI/000394, LIFE18 NAT/FI/000394, LIFE18 NAT/FI/000394, LIFE18 NAT/FI/000394, LIFE18 NAT/FI/000394, LIFE18 NAT/FI/000394)
Natural Resources Institute Finland
Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (grants PRG1209m PSG715 and TK215, grants PRG1209m PSG715 and TK215)
Article History
Received: 13 December 2024
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 19 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.