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Article History

Received: 24 March 2025

Accepted: 15 October 2025

First Online: 29 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The design of this study followed the guidelines and regulations of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Ethics Committee of Liaoning Normal University (LL2025017), and all participants signed an informed consent form and were paid for their participation.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants and their parents (or legal guardian) prior to this study.