Ng, Kai Wen
Huang, Yuk Feng
Koo, Chai Hoon
El-Shafie, Ahmed
Sherif, Mohsen
Ahmed, Ali Najah
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (FRGS/1/2022/TK06/UTAR/02/14)
United Arab Emirates University
Article History
Received: 23 August 2025
Accepted: 16 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.